Three of the Following Illustrate Various Ways That Learning Might

question 5

Multiple Choice

Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected in a person's behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily reflect learning?

• A) Although it's a school night, Dean plays video games until well past his usual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to concentrate on what he's doing.
• B) Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the circumstances of the family's immigration in considerable detail.
• C) Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills shooting, dribbling, etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his movements become faster and smoother.
• D) Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwork, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teacher assures him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, he begins asking for help much more frequently.

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Definitions:

Psychosocial Theory

A theory proposed by Erik Erikson that outlines eight stages of psychological development influenced by social interactions.

Freud's Psychoanalytic

A theory of personality development, founded by Sigmund Freud, that emphasizes unconscious processes, childhood experiences, and sexual and aggressive drives.

Cognitive Perspective

The approach that focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.