Which One of the Following Best Describes Contemporary Theorists' Perspective

question 16

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following best describes contemporary theorists' perspective on classical conditioning?

• A) Cognitive factors, such as mental representations of stimuli and predictions that organisms make, must often be considered in addition to observable stimuli and responses.
• B) Despite Pavlov's early findings to the contrary, higher-order conditioning and sensory preconditioning seldom occur.
• C) Classical conditioning typically occurs only in conjunction with operant conditioning; for example, conditioned stimuli elicit conditioned responses only when those responses are followed by reinforcement.
• D) Classical conditioning occurs primarily in artificial laboratory conditions; it rarely occurs in more naturalistic, real-life settings.

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Definitions:

Tenant-Days

A measure used in the hospitality or rental industry, referring to the total number of days that units are occupied by tenants.

Activity Variance

The difference between the budgeted cost and actual cost attributed to changes in the level of activity.

Net Operating Income

Income generated from a company's everyday business operations, excluding deductions for interest and taxes.

Tenant-Days

A metric used in real estate management, calculated by multiplying the number of tenants by the number of days occupied.