Which One of the Following Is an Example of Vicarious

question 16

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following is an example of vicarious reinforcement?

• A) Alice notices that her friend Ellen gets extra attention from the teacher when she acts helpless. Alice begins to act helpless as well.
• B) Bill knows that he will get a higher grade if he turns in a research paper that is typed rather than handwritten, but he turns in a handwritten paper anyway.
• C) Connie sees her friend Maria scolded for chewing gum in class. She quickly takes her own gum out of her mouth.
• D) David sees how Justin gets good grades when he works hard on his mathematics homework, but David doesn't want to work that hard.

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Definitions:

Ego

In psychoanalytic theory, it is the part of the personality responsible for dealing with reality, mediating between the desires of the id and the constraints of the social world.

Personality

The melding of characteristics that establishes a person's distinct identity.

Superego

Within the realm of psychoanalytic theory, this aspect of a person's psyche serves as a self-judging moral guide, encapsulating the ethical standards assimilated from one's parents and teachers.

Conscience

An inner feeling or voice viewed as acting as a guide to the rightness or wrongness of one's behavior.