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Explain the crowding-out effect.
Geert Hofstede
A Dutch social psychologist known for his research on cross-cultural communication and the dimensions of national cultures.
National Culture
The set of shared values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors that define a nation or country, influencing individual and collective identities.
Mental Programming
The cognitive patterns and ways of thinking that are deeply ingrained in an individual or culture, influencing behavior and perceptions.
Up-and-Down Movement
Vertical motion, typically referring to objects or points moving higher or lower in position.
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