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The mechanical equivalent of heat is 1 cal = 4.18 J. The specific heat of water is 1 cal/g·K. An electric immersion water heater, rated at 400 W, should heat a liter of water from 10 C to 30 C in about:
Crossing Over
Process by which homologous chromosomes exchange corresponding segments of DNA during prophase I of meiosis.
Sexual Selection
A mode of natural selection where individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to find a mate and reproduce, often leading to the evolution of traits that enhance mating success.
Attractive Mate
An individual selected based on traits perceived as desirable, enhancing reproductive success in natural and sexual selection.
Disruptive Selection
A type of natural selection that favors extreme values of a trait over intermediate values, leading to two or more contrasting phenotypes in the population.
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