________ Communication Allows Employees at Lower Levels to Communicate Their

question 58

Multiple Choice

________ communication allows employees at lower levels to communicate their ideas and feelings to higher-level decision makers.

• A) Downward
• B) Lateral
• C) Two-way
• D) Upward

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Definitions:

Ingroup Bias

The tendency to favor and extend loyalty to members of one's own group over those of other groups.

Ingroup Bias

The tendency to favor, prioritize, or support members of one's own group over others.

Mere Exposure Effect

A psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus increases an individual's preference for that stimulus.

Just-World Phenomenon

The cognitive bias to believe that the world is inherently fair, leading individuals to justify an unequal treatment or outcomes for others.