Which of the Following Shows the Use of the Doctrine

question 54

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the use of the doctrine of promissory (equitable) estoppel?

• A)This doctrine can be used by a plaintiff to endorse a written promise signed and sealed (i.e.,a seal has been affixed next to the signature of the promisor).
• B)George told Hans that he would give him his printer.If he doesn't,Hans could use the doctrine to force him to do so.
• C)George wants to force Elaine to honour her promise to pay him $2.After he paid for a video they watched,she was so moved by the movie she said she would pay half of the rental cost.
• D)If Lam requests services from Jones and there is no mention of price and if Lam doesn't pay Jones,this doctrine can be used to force Lam to pay a reasonable amount.
• E)Lee,a defendant,can use this doctrine as a defence against a plaintiff insisting on his full legal right when he had promised to forgive Lee some of Lee's legal obligation and Lee had relied on that promise.

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Definitions:

Variable Overhead

Indirect production costs that vary with the level of output, including supplies and utilities necessary for production but not directly tied to specific products.

Efficiency Variance

The difference between the actual amount of resources used in production and the amount that should have been used, reflecting efficiency in resource usage.

Direct Materials

Raw materials that are directly used in the production of a product, easily traceable to the product itself.

Rate Variance

The difference between the actual rate paid for goods or services and the expected (or standard) rate, most often related to labor or materials.