A Laser Must Be Pumped to Achieve

question 64

Multiple Choice

A laser must be pumped to achieve:

• A)a metastable state
• B)fast response
• C)stimulated emission
• D)population inversion
• E)the same wavelength for all photons

Understand the arguments for and against income inequality and the impact of government programs on income distribution.

Identify the effects of occupational segregation and discrimination on wages and the allocation of resources.

Explain the measures of income inequality, including the Gini ratio and the Lorenz curve.

Explore the factors contributing to growing income inequality in the United States.

---

Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

A behavioral conditioning process where the continual pairing of two stimuli results in the first stimulus eventually eliciting a reaction initially brought about by the second stimulus.

Fixed-interval

In operant conditioning, a schedule of reinforcement where the first response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed.

Variable-ratio

A reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, enhancing the robustness of the behavior.

Variable-ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, leading to a high and steady response rate.