Ellen Publishes a Book Titled First Place, Which Includes a Chapter

question 23

Multiple Choice

Ellen publishes a book titled First Place, which includes a chapter from Frank's copyrighted book Great Racecar Drivers without his permission. Ellen's use of the chapter is actionable

• A) only if consumers are confused.
• B) only if Ellen and Frank are competitors.
• C) only if consumers are confused and Ellen and Frank are competitors.
• D) regardless of whether consumers are confused or Ellen and Frank are competitors.

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Definitions:

Kelly's Covariation Theory

A psychological theory that explains how people attribute causation based on the consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus of an observed behavior.

Causal Attributions

The process by which individuals infer the causes of their own and others' behaviors, actions, and events.

Distinctiveness

The quality of being uniquely different from others in some respect, often used to describe features that distinguish one person, group, or thing from another.

Causal Hypothesis

A statement predicting a precise relationship between two or more variables, where changes in one variable cause changes in another.