In the Laboratory, Recombinant Plasmids Are Commonly Introduced into Bacterial

question 93

Multiple Choice

In the laboratory, recombinant plasmids are commonly introduced into bacterial cells by:

• A) electrophoresis-a gentle low-voltage gradient draws the DNA into the cell.
• B) infection with a bacteriophage that carries the plasmid.
• C) microinjection.
• D) mixing plasmids with an extract of broken cells.
• E) transformation-heat shock of the cells incubated with plasmid DNA in the presence of CaCl₂.

---

Definitions:

Seedless Plants

Plants that reproduce without the formation of seeds, such as ferns and mosses.

Gametangia

Gametangia are specialized organs or cells in fungi and plants where gametes are formed, playing a crucial role in sexual reproduction.

Unicellular

Referring to organisms made up of a single cell, capable of performing all necessary life functions within that solitary cell.

Heterosporous

Refers to plants that produce two different types of spores, male and female, leading to separate male and female gametophytes.