The High Fidelity of DNA Replication Is Due Primarily to Immediate

question 5

Essay

The high fidelity of DNA replication is due primarily to immediate error correction by the 3' $\rightarrow$ 5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity of the DNA polymerase. Some incorrectly paired bases escape this proofreading, and further errors can arise from challenges to the chemical integrity of the DNA. List the four classes of repair mechanisms that the cell can use to help correct such errors.

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Definitions:

Intuitive Thought

A cognitive process that creates immediate awareness or understanding without relying on reasoning or logical deduction.

Horizontal Décalage

A term from Piaget's theory of cognitive development, describing the variability in a child’s understanding and application of concepts across different situations.

Conservation

Understanding that physical properties do not change when appearance changes, crucial in cognitive development, repeating definition with emphasis on its role in cognitive science.

Preoperational Stage

A phase in Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory where children from ages 2 to 7 engage in symbolic play and struggle with logic and taking the perspective of others.