Gluconeogenesis Must Use "Bypass Reactions" to Circumvent Three Reactions in the Glycolytic

question 36

Multiple Choice

Gluconeogenesis must use "bypass reactions" to circumvent three reactions in the glycolytic pathway that are highly exergonic and essentially irreversible. Reactions carried out by which three of the enzymes listed must be bypassed in the gluconeogenic pathway? 1) Hexokinase
2) Phosphoglycerate kinase
3) Phosphofructokinase-1
4) Pyruvate kinase
5) Triosephosphate isomerase

• A) 1, 2, 3
• B) 1, 2, 4
• C) 1, 4, 5
• D) 1, 3, 4
• E) 2, 3, 4

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Definitions:

BiPAP Therapy

A form of non-invasive ventilation that uses bilevel positive airway pressure to assist breathing, commonly used for conditions like sleep apnea, congestive heart failure, and lung disorders.

Pulmonary Edema

A condition characterized by excess fluid in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe.

CHF Exacerbation

A worsening or flare-up of congestive heart failure symptoms, which can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles.

CPAP Therapy

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy, a treatment method for sleep apnea where air is pushed through a mask to keep the airways open during sleep.