Explain How Mutations in the Following Proteins Might Result in Either

question 23

Essay

Explain how mutations in the following proteins might result in either loss of responsiveness to a given hormone or production of a continuous signal even in the absence of the hormone: (a) a mutation in the regulatory (R) subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, making R incapable of binding to the catalytic (C) subunit; (b) a mutation in a growth factor receptor with protein kinase activity; (c) a defect in a G protein that renders the GTPase activity inactive.

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Definitions:

Auditory Convergence

The integration of sound information from both ears at certain points in the auditory pathway, enhancing sound localization and processing.

Refractory Threshold

The refractory threshold is the period following an action potential during which a neuron is incapable of firing another action potential or the threshold is significantly increased.

Difference Threshold

The smallest detectable difference between two stimuli that a person can sense at least half the time.

Just Noticeable Difference

The smallest difference in stimulation that can be reliably detected by an organism.