Which of the Following Is the Finding of the Longitudinal

question 82

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the finding of the longitudinal and cross-sectional assessment of intellectual abilities conducted by Schaie?

• A) Decline in intellectual abilities was more likely in the cross-sectional assessments than in the longitudinal assessments.
• B) When assessed longitudinally, inductive reasoning showed a consistent decline in the middle adulthood years.
• C) When assessed cross-sectionally, inductive reasoning increased until toward the end of middle adulthood.
• D) People reach a peak in their cognitive functioning for many intellectual skills in early adulthood.

---

Definitions:

Uncontrollable

Refers to events or conditions that cannot be influenced or regulated by actions or decisions of the individual.

Stressful

Characterized by or causing mental or emotional strain or tension, often due to challenging situations or environments.

E-cigarettes

Electronic devices that simulate the experience of smoking tobacco by vaporizing a liquid, which usually contains nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals.

Secondhand Smoke

Environmental tobacco smoke that is inhaled involuntarily or passively by someone who is not smoking.