According to a Longitudinal Study by John Schulenberg and His

question 111

Multiple Choice

According to a longitudinal study by John Schulenberg and his colleagues, by the time individuals reach their late twenties, ________ the use of alcohol and drugs.

• A) many would have reduced
• B) most of them would have increased
• C) almost all would have ceased
• D) most of them would have been addicted to

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, a consequence applied to an organism's environment that increases the likelihood of a preceding response being repeated in the future.

Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conditioned taste aversion occurs when an individual associates the taste of a particular food or drink with an unpleasant symptom, leading to a lasting aversion to that item.

Coyotes And Wolves

Refers to two distinct species within the canidae family, both known for their roles in ecosystems as predators.

Observational Learning

A learning process wherein individuals acquire new behaviors by watching and imitating others.