Studies by Powers and Dodd in 2017 and Powers and Howley

question 145

Multiple Choice

Studies by Powers and Dodd in 2017 and Powers and Howley in 2018 show that a child's life should center around ________.

• A) meals
• B) activities
• C) discipline
• D) education

---

Definitions:

Conditioned Stimulus

An initially neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process in which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Edward Thorndike

An American psychologist known for his work in comparative psychology and the law of effect.

Ivan Pavlov

Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known for his work in classical conditioning, demonstrating how dogs could learn to associate a neutral stimulus (such as a bell) with an automatic behavior (like salivating) when paired with food.