Which Laboratory Specimens Must Be Treated with Standard (Universal) Precautions

question 5

Multiple Choice

Which laboratory specimens must be treated with standard (universal) precautions?

• A) Only those labeled with a biohazard sticker
• B) Only those from patients known to have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis
• C) All human blood and body fluids
• D) All specimens submitted for bacterial culture

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Definitions:

White Blood Cell

Leukocyte; a blood cell with a role in housekeeping and defense. Lymphocytes are a special category of white blood cells that carry out adaptive immune responses.

Antigen-Presenting Cell

Immune cells that process and present antigens to T-cells, initiating an immune response by showing them what to attack.

Dendritic Cell

A type of immune cell that presents antigens to T cells, initiating an adaptive immune response; pivotal in mediating immunity and tolerance.

Autoimmune Disease

A condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, or organs.