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Professor Kremepuff has published a new textbook.This book will be used in classes for two years, at which time it will be replaced by a new edition.The publisher charges a price of $p1 in the first year and $p2 in the second year.After the first year, bookstores buy back copies from students for $p2/2 and resell them to students in the second year for $p2.(Students are indifferent between new and used copies.) The cost to a student in the first year of owning the book for a year is therefore $(p1 - p2/2) .In the first year of publication, the number of students willing to pay $v to own the book for a year is 60,000 - 1,000v.The number of students taking the course in the first year who are willing to pay at least $w to keep the book for reference rather than resell it is 60,000 - 5,000w.In the second year, the number of students who have not previously taken the course and are willing to pay at least $p for a copy of the book is 50,000 - 1,000p.If the publisher sets a price of $p1 in the first year and $p2 in the second year, with p1 B3 p2, then the total number of copies that the publisher sells over two years will be equal to
Inputs And Outputs
Refers to the materials, energy, or information that enters a system (inputs) and the results or products that come out of it (outputs).
Scientific Laws
Statements based on repeated experiments or observations that describe or predict a range of natural phenomena.
Environmental Arena
The physical, biological, and socio-economic context in which environmental processes and issues occur.
Conceptual Model
An abstract model that outlines the general idea or strategy behind a project or research, often used to simplify complex real-world systems.
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