Your Textbook Derives the OLS Estimator as =

question 27

Essay

Your textbook derives the OLS estimator as = X)-1 Y.
Show that the estimator does not exist if there are fewer observations than the number of explanatory variables,including the constant.What is the rank of X in this case?

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Definitions:

Political Power

The capacity or authority to direct or influence the behavior of others or the course of events politically.

Competing Interest Groups

Organizations or groups that advocate for their specific interests and objectives, often competing with each other for influence over policy and decisions in the public sphere.

Totalitarian Society

A form of government where the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.

Centralized State Power

A form of governance where political authority and decision-making are concentrated in a central government or leadership, often at the expense of local autonomy.