Empirical Studies Indicate That the Rate of Social Return from Positive

question 31

Multiple Choice

Empirical studies indicate that the rate of social return from positive "standing on others' shoulders" externalities of research ______ the negative "stepping on toes" externalities of research.

• A) greatly exceed
• B) approximately equal
• C) are substantially less than
• D) are only slightly less than

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Definitions:

Controlled Panama

Reference to a period or situation in which Panama was under the control or significant influence of another state or entity, such as U.S. control over the Panama Canal Zone in the 20th century.

Panama Canal

A man-made 48-mile waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean, greatly facilitating international maritime trade by providing a significantly shorter passage for ships than going around the southern tip of South America.

Moral Imperialism

The Wilsonian belief that U.S. foreign policy should be guided by morality and should teach other peoples about democracy. Wilson used this belief to both repudiate Dollar Diplomacy and justify frequent military interventions in Latin America.