The Fossil Record Is Often Used to Infer Phylogenetic History

question 53

Multiple Choice

The fossil record is often used to infer phylogenetic history. Which of the statements accurately supports this assumption?

• A)There are fossil representatives of every organism in the tree of life.
• B)There is a one-to-one correlation between each branch of the phylogenetic tree and fossil specimens.
• C)Events that occur early in the fossil record are represented by branching events nearer to the root of a phylogenetic tree.
• D)Events that occur early in the fossil record are represented by branching events nearer to the tips of a phylogenetic tree.
• E)Fossil record events are too old to be represented on phylogenetic trees, which reconstruct the more recent past.

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Definitions:

Milgram Experiment

A psychological experiment conducted by Stanley Milgram in the 1960s to study obedience to authority, where participants were instructed to administer electric shocks to another person.

Stanford University Prison Experiment

A psychological study conducted by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 at Stanford University, where students were assigned roles of prisoners and guards to explore the effects of perceived power.

Generalization

Drawing a conclusion about a certain characteristic of a population based on a sample from it.

Logical Support

The provision of reasons or evidence to justify a claim or argument.