When Formal Planning Fails to Lead to Higher Performance,which of the Following

question 91

Multiple Choice

When formal planning fails to lead to higher performance,which of the following is most likely to be the reason for the failure?

• A)A participative style of planning was used.
• B)Managers were allowed too much autonomy.
• C)The company emphasized the control function over other functions.
• D)External forces constrain managers' options.

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Definitions:

Risk Averse

A description of an individual's or entity's preference to avoid risk, often by choosing options with certain outcomes over those with higher degrees of uncertainty.

Insurance

A form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent or uncertain loss.

Expected Value

The calculated average of all possible values for a random variable, considering the probabilities of each outcome.

Risk Lover

An individual or entity that prefers or seeks out investment opportunities with higher risk for the potential of higher returns.