What Is the Shadow Welfare State

question 16

Multiple Choice

What is the shadow welfare state?

• A) the welfare that is distributed by local governments and special districts
• B) social benefits that are distributed by private employers who are being subsidized by the government
• C) the welfare payments that the government is committed to paying in the future
• D) private charities that have filled the gap left by reductions in government spending
• E) the welfare distributed by private charities and religious organizations

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Definitions:

Work Design Characteristics

Elements and features of how jobs are structured and organized that influence employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance.

Motivational Characteristics

Traits or factors that drive an individual's behavior and efforts towards achieving certain goals or tasks.

Task Characteristics

Attributes or aspects that define the nature of a task, including complexity, variety, autonomy, and significance.

Social Characteristics

The attributes that define and differentiate individuals in a society, including age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status among others.