When Lower-Level Managers and Employees Are Involved in the Planning

question 57

Multiple Choice

When lower-level managers and employees are involved in the planning process, ________.

• A) the documents they create are rarely reviewed
• B) the plans take on a life of their own
• C) their job satisfaction increases but productivity suffers
• D) they see the plans as more than just something written down on paper

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Definitions:

A. Maslow

Refers to Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory in psychology regarding human motivation.

S. Freud

The Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud founded the therapeutic approach of psychoanalysis, where psychopathological issues are addressed through a dialogue between the analyst and the patient.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process in which two stimuli are continuously coupled; the response, initially precipitated by the second stimulus, is ultimately precipitated by the first stimulus by itself.

UCS

An acronym for "Unconditioned Stimulus," a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without prior learning.