A Medical Test Has Been Designed to Detect the Presence

question 129

Multiple Choice

A medical test has been designed to detect the presence of a certain disease. Among those who have the disease, the probability that the disease will be detected by the test is 0.97. However, the probability that the test will erroneously indicate the presence of the disease in those who do not actually have it is 0.05. Suppose 20% of the people who were referred to a clinic for the test did in fact have the disease. If the test administered to an individual from this group is positive, what is the probability that the person actually has the disease?

• A) 0.471
• B) 0.545
• C) 0.829
• D) 0.857

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Definitions:

Bond Dissociation Energies

The energy required to break a specific chemical bond in a molecule into two parts, under specified conditions.

ΔS°

The standard entropy change of a chemical reaction, representing the difference in entropy between the products and reactants under standard conditions.

Propagation Step

In polymer chemistry, it's the phase of a chain reaction in which an active center reacts with a monomer to form a new active center, perpetuating the growth of the polymer chain.

Chlorination

A chemical reaction that involves the addition of chlorine to a molecule, commonly used in organic chemistry to replace hydrogen atoms or add chlorine to double bonds.