Determine the Formal Charges on Each Atom Except Hydrogen

question 75

Essay

Determine the formal charges on each atom except hydrogen.

Explain the concept and examples of nonrandom mating.

Define and differentiate between microevolution and macroevolution.

Understand the concept of disruptive selection and how it differs from other forms of selection.

Describe the effects of the founder effect, including the potential for increased frequency of harmful alleles.

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Definitions:

Response Shaping

A process of shaping behaviour by gradual approximations of what is expected. For example, a child who is intellectual disability and may be unable to get dressed independently can be taught the process gradually by being rewarded for putting on one item at a time until he or she is eventually able to handle the entire task.

Exposure

A therapeutic technique used in behavioral therapy to treat anxiety disorders that involves the exposure to the feared object or context without any danger in order to overcome their anxiety.

Exposure Therapy

Any therapeutic procedure that repeatedly confronts the person with a stimulus that typically elicits an undesirable behaviour or an unwanted emotional response until the behaviour or response no longer occurs.

Systematic Desensitization

A therapeutic technique whereby patients imagine the lowest feared stimuli and combine this image with a relaxation response. Patients gradually work their way up the fear hierarchy so that they can learn to handle increasingly disturbing stimuli.