The Tendency to Draw a General Impression About an Individual

question 45

True/False

The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic is known as the contrast effect.

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Definitions:

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it, known also as the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to favor, interpret, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

Representativeness Heuristic

A cognitive shortcut that involves judging the probability of an event by its similarity to a prototype or an example that comes to mind, rather than on objective probability.

Availability Heuristic

A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method, or decision.