What Is the Minimum Voltage Required for the Electrolysis of 1.0

question 60

Multiple Choice

What is the minimum voltage required for the electrolysis of 1.0 M NaCl in neutral solution? 2H₂O + 2Cl^- (1.0 M) → H₂(1 atm) + Cl₂(1 atm) + 2OH^-(1 × 10^-7 M)
Note that
2H₂O(l) + 2e^- → H₂(g) +2OH^-(aq) ,E° = -0.83 V,
2H₂O(l) + 2e^- → H₂(g) +2OH^-(aq) ,E = -0.41 V([OH^-] = 1 × 10^-7M) ,
O₂(g) + 4H⁺(aq) + 4e^- →2H₂O(l) ,E° = +1.23 V,
Cl₂(g) + 2e^- → 2Cl^-(aq) E° = +1.36 V,and
Na⁺(aq) + e^- → Na(s) E° = -2.71 V

• A)2.19 V
• B)1.77 V
• C)0.41 V
• D)-0.41 V
• E)-1.78 V

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Definitions:

Thermocouples

Electrical devices consisting of two dissimilar conductors forming electrical junctions at differing temperatures, used to measure temperature gradients or temperature changes.

Temperature Difference

The variation in temperature between two points, which can drive heat transfer or affect the performance of electrical components.

Primary Cell

A type of electrochemical cell that is designed to be used until the chemical reactions that fuel it are complete and cannot be reversed or recharged.

Secondary Cell

A type of electrical battery that can be recharged after discharge, such as a lithium-ion battery.