​Alligators More Closely Resemble Lizards Than Birds; However, Alligators and Birds

question 81

Multiple Choice

​Alligators more closely resemble lizards than birds; however, alligators and birds have four-chambered hearts, which lizards do not have. In this example, the four-chambered heart is a ____, which indicates that alligators are ____ related to birds than to lizards.

• A) ​derived character; more closely
• B) ​key innovation; more closely
• C) ​derived character; more distantly
• D) ​key innovation; not
• E) ​homologous structure; more distantly

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Definitions:

Physiological State

The condition of normal function or activity of the body and its systems, often influenced by factors like health, genetics, and environment.

Drive

An aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need.

Optimum Arousal Theory

The theory that individuals perform best and are most productive at a moderate level of arousal, rather than at lower or higher levels.

Moderate Arousal

An optimal level of alertness or activation that enhances performance on tasks or activities, according to Yerkes-Dodson Law.