Box 34: Making the Case Against and for Affirmative Action: Eighteen

question 13

Multiple Choice

Box. 3.4: Making the Case Against and for Affirmative Action: Eighteen White firefighters, including one Hispanic, sued the City of New Haven claiming racial discrimination. The U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear the case in 2009 and in a dramatic ruling declared the white firefighters were unfairly denied promotion because of their race, making this:

• A) Non-discrimination
• B) Anti-discrimination
• C) Reserve Discrimination
• D) Positive Discrimination

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Definitions:

Perception

The method by which the sensations experienced at any given moment are interpreted and organized in some meaningful fashion.

Hippocampus

A part of the brain within the temporal lobe, crucial for memory formation and spatial navigation.

Proactive and Retroactive Inhibition

Forms of interference where old information interferes with the learning of new information (proactive) and where new information causes forgetting of old information (retroactive).

New Long-Term Memories

The process of converting new information into a state that can be recalled after a period of time, involving the consolidation and storage of information.