Scholars Have Found That Congressional Actions, on the Whole, Are

question 32

Multiple Choice

Scholars have found that congressional actions, on the whole, are:

• A) rarely in line with the views of their constituents because few elected officials are knowledgeable about their constituents' opinions on issues.
• B) shaped by constituent opinion because to do otherwise would place elected officials in jeopardy of losing their next elections.
• C) very difficult to predict because public opinion is so difficult to measure accurately.
• D) determined more by the views of party leaders and political donors than those of
• Their constituents.
• E) shaped by constituent opinion when the issues are not salient.

Interpret the difference between rewards and reinforcers in the context of employee behavior.

Understand the concept and application of punishment in behavior management.

Recognize the role and effects of extinction in reducing undesirable behaviors.

Differentiate between negative reinforcement and punishment.

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Definitions:

Negotiation

The process of discussing and arriving at a mutual agreement between parties with the intent to reach a settlement or resolve differences.

Concessions

Special rights or privileges granted by an authority or government to a person or group, often in a business context.

Governmental Powers

The authority granted to government bodies to enact laws, administer justice, and implement public policies.

Constitutional Limitations

Constraints placed on governmental power by a constitution, designed to protect the rights and liberties of the populace.