Approximately 100 Elements Occur in Nature

question 10

Multiple Choice

Approximately 100 elements occur in nature. How many of them are widespread in making the minerals and rocks of the crust?

• A) all of them
• B) three quarters of them
• C) half of them
• D) a quarter of them
• E) none of them

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Definitions:

Rescorla-Wagner

A model of conditioning that emphasizes the importance of the strength of the association between the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus.

CS Preexposure

A phenomenon where exposure to the conditioned stimulus before pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus can reduce the effectiveness of conditioning.

Sometimes-Opponent-Process Theory

A theory suggesting that emotional reactions to a stimulus are followed by opposite emotional reactions under certain conditions.

Conditioning Measures

Techniques and methods used in behavioral psychology to learn or instill new behaviours or responses in an organism through reinforcement or punishment.