A Researcher Presenting Secondary Data as If It Were Primary

question 36

Multiple Choice

A researcher presenting secondary data as if it were primary data collected by the researcher is an egregious example of an ethical lapse in what area of sensitivity in planning research design?

• A)recommending a more costly design than is needed
• B)designing a study in which data are collected for multiple clients
• C)misrepresenting sampling methods
• D)wrongfully gaining respondent cooperation to reduce costs
• E)using information obtained for a client in another research project

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Definitions:

Continuous Reinforcement

A learning process in which a behavior is reinforced every time it occurs, leading to high rates of responding and rapid learning.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral reinforcement technique where a negative condition is removed as a reward to strengthen a desired behavior.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process by which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment, a concept introduced by B.F. Skinner.

Tardiness

The act of being late or delaying arrival beyond the expected or scheduled time, often viewed negatively in professional and educational settings.