Oliver Undergoes a Standard Medical Test While at His Regular

question 31

Essay

Oliver undergoes a standard medical test while at his regular checkup.The test is 90% reliable in detecting a form of cancer (C)that is found in 2% of the population.In particular,Pr(+|C)= 0.90.The test is also 90% reliable in screening out cancer,that is,Pr(-|H)= 0.90.
(a)If Oliver tests positive,how likely is it that he actually has cancer? If he tests negative,what is his cancer risk?

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Definitions:

Seligman

A psychologist known for his work in positive psychology and studies on learned helplessness and optimism.

Cognitive Process

The mental activities related to thinking, understanding, learning, and remembering.

Reacting

The process of responding to stimuli or events in the environment.

Learned Helplessness

A condition resulting from the belief that one has no control over their environment, often leading to decreased motivation and depression.