Identical Twins Have More Similar Sleep Patterns Than Do Fraternal

question 174

Multiple Choice

Identical twins have more similar sleep patterns than do fraternal twins,and people in industrialized nations go to bed later at night than their counterparts of a century ago.These facts best illustrate that sleep patterns are affected by both

• A) rapid eye movements and sleep spindles.
• B) latent content and manifest content.
• C) alpha waves and beta waves.
• D) heredity and environment.

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcer

A stimulus whose removal or avoidance following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future.

Conditioned Stimulus

A formerly neutral signal that, once it is linked with an unconditioned stimulus, ultimately evokes a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning.

Immediate Reinforcers

Immediate reinforcers are stimuli that follow a behavior and increase the likelihood of its repetition shortly thereafter.