According to the Text,the Notion of Egoism Has Fallen into Disrepute

question 9

Multiple Choice

According to the text,the notion of egoism has fallen into disrepute because

• A)it fails to take into account people's internal motives.
• B)it is vulnerable to the criticism of circular explanation.
• C)it defines rewards and costs independently of altruistic behaviour.
• D)self-motivation is not seen as a motivator of behaviour.

---

Definitions:

Primary Reinforcement

A term in behavioral psychology that refers to something that is naturally rewarding or satisfying, like food or water, that reinforces a behavior.

Variable Interval

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, used in operant conditioning.

Fixed Ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded only after a specified number of responses.

Fixed Interval

A reinforcement schedule that rewards the first response after a set period has passed.