Discuss the Purpose of Policy Formulation and List Three Items

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The Answer is Managers should have a set of proposals before they attempt to shape the agenda. If not, policy makers may be overwhelmed. During policy formulation, many options emerge. Different stakeholders will propose different solutions (Kingdon 1984; Anderson 1994)). This is a critical stage in the process because careful drafting of legislation is crucial to a policy's success. Poorly drafted laws are difficult to implement. Some even make the situation worse. The goal is to minimize court challenges and unintended consequences.
A policy formulation checklist includes the following actions:
* Identify the hazards.
* Assess the probability and seriousness of each threat.
* Design policies with a full awareness of the local politics.
* Define clearly who are the targets of a policy (for example, what types of households and businesses)).
* Define what activities are to be regulated (for example, land-use practices and building construction practices)).
* Define which influence mechanisms are to be used (for example, technological advances, risk information, economic incentives, and legal penalties)). The government has many alternatives. One option is to control lot sizes to limit the population at risk in hazard-prone areas. Also, the government can mandate that streets must be wide enough for large emergency vehicles such as fire trucks. Alternatively, building codes can restrict construction designs and materials.
* Create public awareness campaigns.
* Governments can promote the adoption of hazard-resistant land-use and construction practices. Two incentives are low interest loans and tax credits. Poor jurisdictions might not be able to provide these incentives.
* Governments can require hazard-resistant land-use and building construction practices for construction permits. This requires on-site inspections.

Discuss the Purpose of Policy Formulation and List Three Items

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