Spuriousness Is

question 9

Multiple Choice

Spuriousness is

• A)the dependent variable.
• B)the independent variable.
• C)an illusionary relationship resulting from an unacknowledged other variable that is a cause of both the independent and dependent variable.
• D)something that should be encouraged in all research.

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Definitions:

Grazers

Herbivorous animals that feed primarily on grass and other low-lying vegetation.

Countershading

A coloration pattern in animals where the upper side is darker than the lower side, reducing visibility by counteracting the effects of light and shadow.

Predators

Organisms that hunt, kill, and consume other organisms for food.

Obscure

To make something difficult to see or to make unclear, either literally by blocking light or figuratively by being difficult to understand.