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In a Study on the Effects of Smoking Deprivation on Memory

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Essay

In a study on the effects of smoking deprivation on memory recall, participants, who all smoked, were randomly assigned to one of four groups: not deprived of smoking, deprived for 4 hours, deprived for 8 hours, deprived for 12 hours. Subjects were then tested for their recall of nonsense syllables learned one hour before. Diagram the design and describe it in words.

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Definitions:

Backbone

The spine or vertebral column; a series of connected bones or vertebrae that provide structural support and protection to the spinal cord in vertebrates.

Griffith's Transformation

Griffith's transformation experiment demonstrated that bacteria can take up foreign DNA from their environment and express its genetic information, a foundational experiment in molecular biology.

R-strain Bacteria

A type of bacteria distinguished by its rough appearance due to the absence of a polysaccharide capsule, often used in studies of bacterial transformation.

S-strain Bacteria

A strain of bacteria that possesses a smooth capsule made of polysaccharides, making it virulent by protecting it from the host's immune system.

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