This Figure Shows the Tail Shape Developed by Three Tadpole

question 1

Multiple Choice

This figure shows the tail shape developed by three tadpole genotypes (M, N, and O) when raised in an environment with predators and an environment without predators. In the presence of predators, tadpoles with large tails have high fitness and tadpoles with small tails have low fitness. When predators are not present, tadpoles with large tails have low fitness and tadpoles with small tails have high fitness. Which genotype(s) exhibit(s) phenotypic plasticity in response to predators?

• A) M only
• B) N only
• C) O only
• D) both M and N
• E) both N and O

Recognize the classification of quasi-experimental designs based on group formation.

Differentiate between types of nonequivalent groups designs based on their interpretability.

Understand methods to mitigate historical threats to internal validity in time-series designs.

Understand the significance of treatment intervention points in time-series designs.

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