Place the Following Ions in Order of Increasing Radius: Al³⁺,F−,Mg²⁺,and

question 48

Multiple Choice

Place the following ions in order of increasing radius: Al³⁺,F−,Mg²⁺,and N³⁻.

• A) F− < Mg²⁺ < N³⁻ < Al³⁺
• B) F− < N³⁻ < Al³⁺ < Mg²⁺
• C) F− < N³⁻ < Mg²⁺ < Al³⁺
• D) N³⁻ < F− < Mg²⁺ < Al³⁺
• E) Al³⁺ < Mg²⁺ < F− < N³⁻

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Definitions:

Organism

A living entity capable of growth, reproduction, and often response to external stimuli, ranging from single-celled forms like bacteria to complex multicellular entities like humans and plants.

Original Stimulus

The specific element or event in classical conditioning that initially triggers a conditioned response without any need for learning.

Conditioned Stimulus

A formerly neutral signal that, once linked with an unconditioned stimulus, triggers a conditioned response.

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a period of time without exposure to the conditioned stimulus.