A Pigeon Is Left Overnight in a Skinner Box

question 5

Multiple Choice

A pigeon is left overnight in a Skinner Box. The mechanism is set to give out a food pellet every five minutes, no matter what the animal does. In the morning the researcher finds the pigeon tucking its head under its wing and moving in a counter-clockwise circle. What has most likely happened?

• A) Spontaneous recovery has happened.
• B) Sequential learning took place during the night.
• C) The bird has developed superstitious behaviour.
• D) Classical conditioning has shaped the bird's behaviour.

Identify the main factors contributing to the gender wage gap and discuss potential solutions.

Distinguish between individual and social perspectives on sexual assault and spousal violence.

Understand the role of mass media in shaping gender ideology.

Explore parental influences on gender socialization and their long-term effects.

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Definitions:

Fixed Costs

Fixed costs are expenses that do not change with the level of production or sales, such as rent and salaries.

Variable Costs

Costs that vary in total in direct proportion to changes in the level of activity or volume of output produced.

Constraint

A limitation or restriction that affects an organization's ability to achieve its objectives, such as limited resources or time.

Production Bottleneck

A point in the manufacturing process where the demand for a company’s product exceeds the ability to produce the product. Also referred to as a constraint.