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TABLE 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers. A study was recently done that emphasized the problem we all face with drinking and driving. Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analyzed. Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident. The numbers are shown below:
-Referring to Table 4-1, given that multiple vehicles were involved, what proportion of accidents involved alcohol?
Observational Learning
Learning that occurs through observing the behaviors of others and the outcomes of those behaviors, without direct experience.
Positive Reinforcers
Stimuli that, when introduced after a behavior, increase the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.
Operant Responding
A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior, influencing the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.
Negative Reinforcers
Stimuli that, when removed following a behavior, increase the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.
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