In the Ocean,on Either Side of the Isthmus of Panama,are

question 1

Multiple Choice

In the ocean,on either side of the Isthmus of Panama,are 30 species of snapping shrimp;some are shallow-water species,and others are adapted to deep water.There are 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side.The Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago.The oceans were completely separated by the isthmus about 3 million years ago.Why should deepwater shrimp on different sides of the isthmus have diverged from each other earlier than shallow-water shrimp?

• A)They have been geographically isolated from each other for a longer time.
• B)Cold temperatures,associated with deep water,have accelerated the mutation rate,resulting in faster divergence in deepwater shrimp.
• C)The rise of the land bridge was accompanied by much volcanic activity.Volcanic ash contains heavy metals,which are known mutagens.Ash fall caused high levels of heavy metals in the ocean sediments underlying the deep water,resulting in accelerated mutation rates and faster divergence in deepwater shrimp.
• D)Fresh water entering the ocean from the canal is both less dense and cloudier than seawater.The cloudy fresh water interferes with the ability of shallow-water shrimp to locate mating partners,which reduces the frequency of mating,thereby slowing the introduction of genetic variation.

Learn and recall the events and their rankings on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS).

Comprehend the impact of life changes and stress on health and well-being as proposed by Holmes and Rahe.

Distinguish between types of stresses and their sources, including daily hassles and major life events.

Recognize different types of conflicts and the stress associated with decision-making.

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Definitions:

Board of Directors

A group of individuals elected by shareholders to oversee the management and make major decisions for a company.

Corporate Level

Corporate level refers to the highest layer of strategic decision-making in an organization that affects the entire company.

Functional Level

The operational level in an organization where specific, routine tasks and procedures are carried out, essential to the execution of organizational strategies.

Strategy

A plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim.