Which of the Following Observations Is an Example of an Inverse

question 26

Multiple Choice

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

• A)Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy.
• B)When population increases its daily consumption of whole grain products,the population's frequency of daily bowel movements increases.
• C)Children who consume 3 cups of vitamin D milk daily develop stronger bones than children who drink fewer than 3 cups of vitamin D milk each day.
• D)As a population's intake of foods that contain beta-carotene increases,the population's tissue levels of vitamin A increase.

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Definitions:

Sufficient Condition

A condition that, if satisfied, guarantees the occurrence or truth of another condition but isn't necessarily required for the latter's occurrence.

Method of Difference

A scientific research method used to identify the cause-effect relationship between variables by changing one variable at a time while keeping others constant.

Causal Factor

An element or condition that brings about or contributes to producing a particular outcome or effect.

Method of Concomitant Variations

A principle in scientific and philosophic reasoning that suggests a causal relationship between two variables if they vary together consistently.