Direct Pollution Controls Are Usually Inefficient Because, for Any Given

question 46

Multiple Choice

Direct pollution controls are usually inefficient because, for any given amount of pollution reduction, they

• A) create new pollution as they eliminate existing pollution.
• B) cost too much to enforce.
• C) take into account differing marginal costs among firms.
• D) do not minimize the total cost of pollution abatement.
• E) are not complied with by firms.

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Definitions:

Ice and Snow

Frozen forms of water, with ice being a solid state and snow being a form of precipitation composed of ice crystals.

Liquid Water

The liquid phase of water, which is vital for all known forms of life.

Volcano

A geological formation through which magma, ash, and gases from the Earth's interior are expelled to the surface.

Composite Volcano

A type of volcano constructed from multiple layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash, typically characterized by explosive eruptions.