Ras Is a GTP-Binding Protein That Is Often Defective in Cancer

question 22

Essay

Ras is a GTP-binding protein that is often defective in cancer cells.A signal from a growth factor through a receptor tyrosine kinase often stimulates normal cells to divide.When the receptor tyrosine kinase binds the growth factor, Ras is stimulated to bind GTP.Ras in turn activates proteins that promote cell proliferation.A common mutation in cancerous cells causes Ras to behave as though it were bound to GTP all the time.
A.Why is this mutation advantageous to cancerous cells?
B.Your friend decides that the signaling pathway involving the Ras protein is a good target for drug design, because the Ras protein is often defective in cancer cells.Your friend designs a drug that will turn off the receptor tyrosine kinase by preventing it from dimerizing.Do you think that this drug will affect cells that have a defective Ras protein that acts as if it were always bound to GTP? Why or why not?

Analyze the financial statement implications of various cost classifications.

Classify costs as either fixed, variable, or mixed based on their behavior in relation to production volume.

Comprehend the concept of prime cost and how it relates to direct materials and direct labor.

Understand the role of depreciation as either a product or period cost depending on its association with production or administrative functions.

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Definitions:

Going Concern

An accounting principle assuming that an entity will remain in business for the foreseeable future, allowing it to carry out its operations and commitments.

Consolidated Statement

A financial statement that aggregates the financial performance of a company and its subsidiaries, presenting it as if the group were a single entity.

Comprehensive Income

The sum of net income and other comprehensive income, representing the total change in equity for a period other than transactions with owners.

Gross Margin

The difference between revenue and cost of goods sold, divided by revenue, expressed as a percentage; an indicator of the financial health and performance of a business.