You Are Graduating from Nursing School in Three Months and Have

question 48

Multiple Choice

You are graduating from nursing school in three months and have already lined up a new job. However, your employer informs you that before you start your job, it is mandatory for you to be vaccinated against hepatitis B, a double-stranded DNA virus that can cause the disease hepatitis. Your boyfriend, a biology major, wonders why you need to get the vaccine. You aced your microbiology class and you know a lot about both viruses and vaccines, so you understand why getting this vaccination is essential. You give your boyfriend a mini lesson on this by answering a few of his questions.
-You friend wonders whether the same type of virus can cause both an acute and a persistent infection? You answer

• A) Yes-the initial infection might be acute but the virus can later become latent by becoming integrated into the host cell genome. 
• B) No-a virus causes either an acute infection or a persistent infection, but never both. 
• C) No-if the initial infection is acute, the virus would have to mutate in the host before being able to cause a persistent infection.
• D) Yes-acute and persistent infections are really the same thing except that people with persistent infections recover more quickly than those with acute infections.
• E) Yes-acute and persistent infections are really the same thing except that people with acute infections recover more quickly than those with persistent infections.

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Definitions:

Intestinal Motility

The movement of the intestines which facilitates the progression of its contents towards elimination.

Nicotinic Receptors

A type of acetylcholine receptor found in the nervous system that, when activated, allows for the passage of ions across cell membranes, involved in muscle contraction and other processes.

Acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter involved in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, playing a critical role in muscle contraction and potentially in memory formation.

Excitatory

Relating to or causing an increase in activity or efficiency in a nerve or muscle, often involving the release of neurotransmitters.