Random Assignment Is Essential to Establishing Causality Because It

question 5

Multiple Choice

Random assignment is essential to establishing causality because it

• A) permits researchers to verify that they have a diverse and representative sample of participants.
• B) reduces the possibility that individual characteristics of the participants produced the observed results.
• C) increases the external validity of the experiment and virtually eliminates issues of reliability.
• D) allows researchers to determine whether or not their operational definitions reflect the variables of interest.

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Definitions:

Perseveration

The tendency to repeat a response inappropriately; often a result of deficits in executive control caused by prefrontal lesions.

Mental Speed

The rapidity with which an individual can process information, make decisions, and solve problems.

IQ Scores

Quantitative measures of intelligence, often based on standardized tests, designed to assess human cognitive abilities in relation to an age group.

Raven's Progressive Matrices

A nonverbal group test typically used to measure abstract reasoning and is regarded as a test of general intelligence.