Researchers Have Developed Several Explanations for the Observation That People

question 46

Multiple Choice

Researchers have developed several explanations for the observation that people recall information more accurately if they try to connect that information with themselves. Chapter 5 noted that one likely explanation is that people are more likely

• A) to use encoding specificity when connecting information to other people, so this problem leads to memory errors.
• B) to use auditory cues when connecting information to other people, so this problem leads to memory errors.
• C) to link self-referenced information to a more distinctive and more well-rehearsed set of cues, so this enhances recall.
• D) to picture themselves in an unusual context, and this novel context enhances recall.

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Definitions:

Low Arousal

A state characterized by calmness and a lack of high energy or excitement.

Pleasant Emotion

Feelings that are enjoyable or pleasing, such as happiness, joy, or contentment.

Hedonic Treadmill

A theory proposing that people stay at about the same level of happiness regardless of what happens to them.

Pessimistic Outlook

A tendency to expect the worst possible outcome or dwell on the most negative aspects of a situation.